Self-reported Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity in Patients with IBS

The precise epidemiology and pathophysiology for this overlap remain poorly defined, with evidence pointing to wheat components other than gluten (such as amylase-trypsin inhibitors and fructans) being responsible. This cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-reported NCGS among individuals fulfilling the Rome IV criteria for IBS. The study also sought to investigate potential features that may aid a differential diagnosis in this patient group, and support more personalised, evidence-based dietary recommendations.

The study was conducted between January and March 2022 across 13 Italian cities, targeting a cohort of young adults aged 18 to 35. Researchers used a modified version of a validated questionnaire, administered outside major shopping centres to ensure a broad population-based sample. The questionnaire was divided into three sections: demographics and medical history, Rome IV criteria for identifying IBS, and gluten-related symptoms and dietary habits.